Her poetry also dealt with social and personal issues, notably feminism, and with music, particularly jazz. All whom the flood did, and fire shall, o'erthrow, All whom war, dearth, age, agues, tyrannies, Despair, law, chance, hath slain, and you whose eyes, . Joy Harjo ( / hrdo / HAR-joh; born May 9, 1951) is an American poet, musician, playwright, and author. The wanting infected the earth.We lost track of the purpose and reason for life.We began to forget our songs. Let the earth stabilize your postcolonial insecure jitters.Be respectful of the small insects, birds and animal people who accompany you.Ask their forgiveness for the harm we humans have broughtdown upon them.Dont worry.The heart knows the way though there may be high-rises, interstates, checkpoints, armed soldiers, massacres, wars, andthose who will despise you because they despise themselves.The journey might take you a few hours, a day, a year, a fewyears, a hundred, a thousand or even more.Watch your mind. The Journal is a non-profit publication, supported solely by dues of Society Events. Harjo's interest in poetry is strongly reflected in the prose of her story. These helpers take many forms: animal, element, bird, angel, saint, stone, or ancestor.Call yourself back. I can move like wind and water. ; March - The American writer Flannery O'Connor leaves hospital after being diagnosed with lupus at the age of 25.; March 12 - Hank Ketcham's U.S. Dennis the Menace appears for the first time in 16 United States newspapers. Harjo had a hard time speaking out loud because of these experiences. While she was at this school, Harjo participated in what she calls the renaissance of contemporary native art.. California storm updates: Flood waters inundate homes in Carmel Valley. 1. And once he took that corn he wanted all the corn.And once he took that wife, he wanted all the wives.He was insatiable. Commenting on the poem 3 AM in World Literature Today, John Scarry wrote that it is a work filled with ghosts from the Native American past, figures seen operating in an alien culture that is itself a victim of fragmentationHere the Albuquerque airport is both modern Americas technology and moral natureand both clearly have failed. What Moon Drove Me to This? Conflict Resolution From Holy Beings. Harjo is also a. Poet Laureate." She began writing poetry when the national Indian political . As a fish-brain surgeon or a rodeo poem wrangler, I have loved stories. Storysteller Leslie Marmon Silko Borders Thomas King A Seat in the Garden Thomas King Thomas King Very contemporary. No matter what, we must eat to live. is supported by the University of Connecticut. The daughter persists in believing that the man she met by the lake is the embodiment of the water monster who unleashes his power in violent rain and wind storms. When Jean Stein became editor and publisher in 1990, the magazine's format changed to encompass visual art, and we began actively to seek out international authors and artists to introduce to our readers. I can feel their nudges toward my friend and I. I stand up with a drum in my hand. [2] King, Noel. We are technicians here on Earth, but also co-creators. Joy Harjo was born in Tulsa, Oklahoma, and is a member of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation. 5,695 ratings768 reviews. I give my thinking to time and let them go play.It is then I see. These early compositions, set in Oklahoma and New Mexico, reveal Harjos remarkable power and insight into the fragmented history of indigenous peoples. No mirror could give me back what I wanted.3.I was given a drug to help me sleep.Then another drug to wake up.Then a drug was given to me to make me happy. Her father was a Muscogee Creek citizen whose mother came from a line of respected warriors, and speakers who served the Muscogee Nation in the House of Warriors. Jump-start your essay with our outlining tool to make sure you have all the main points of your essay covered. Theyd entered the drought that no one recognized as drought, the convenience store a signal of temporary amnesia. Eagle Poem. In a world long before this one, there was enough foreveryone,Until somebody got out of line.We heard it was Rabbit, fooling around with clay and the wind.Everybody was tired of his tricks and no one would play with him;He was lonely in this world.So Rabbit thought to make a person.And when he blew into the mouth of that crude figure to see What would happen,The clay man stood up.Rabbit showed the clay man how to steal a chicken.The clay man obeyed.Then Rabbit showed him how to steal corn.The clay man obeyed.Then he showed him how to steal someone elses wife.The clay man obeyed.Rabbit felt important and powerful.The clay man felt important and powerful.And once that clay man started he could not stop. A guide. Joy Harjo The Woman Hanging from the Thirteenth Floor WIndow Joy Harjo The Flood Joy Harjo The Woman Who Fell from the Sky Joy Harjo Joy Harjo Very repetitive and chant like. We are grateful to the poet for allowing us to translate her work here. Open the door, then close it behind you. We serve it. in danger of being torn apart. While Harjos work is often set in the Southwest, emphasizes the plight of the individual, and reflects Creek values, myths, and beliefs, her oeuvre has universal relevance. Joy Harjo. National Womens History Museum, 2019. Here is unbridled potential for the poeticin everything, even in ourselves., These poems taken from half a century of Harjos work show the powerful words and moving themes that have made her an unforgettable voice in the world of poetry., Native-led organizations and Native American artists are receiving a well-deserved increase in public attention, recognition, and support. She switched her major to art, and then again to creative writing after meeting and working with fellow Native American poets, including Simon J. Ortiz and Leslie Marmon Silko. However, she was inspired by the art and creativity around her. Most issues are thematically organized for greater understanding Log in here. members, library subscriptions, and funds from Patrons. Joy Harjo was honored at the National Arts Awards with the 2022 Lifetime Achievement Award. She said, I remember the teachers at school threatening to write my parents because I was not speaking in class, but I was terrified.[1] Instead, Harjo started painting as a way to express herself. "Her belief in art, in spirit, is so powerful, it can't help but spill over to uslucky readers." "I returned to see what I would find, in these lands we were forced to leave behind." - Joy Harjo, "An American Sunrise" More Details about the Book At the age of sixteen, she left home to attend the Institute of American Indian Arts in Santa Fe, New Mexico. Walking Grandma Home, a letter to my readers. That is the only one who ever escaped. Bellm asserted: Harjos work draws from the river of Native tradition, but it also swims freely in the currents of Anglo-American versefeminist poetry of personal/political resistance, deep-image poetry of the unconscious, new-narrative explorations of story and rhythm in prose-poem form. According to Field, To read the poetry of Joy Harjo is to hear the voice of the earth, to see the landscape of time and timelessness, and, most important, to get a glimpse of people who struggle to understand, to know themselves, and to survive. - . Ms. Harjo's first experience of poetry came through the songs her mother wrote and sang "in the everyday of our living," she writes. Harjo is a founding board member of the Native Arts and Cultures Foundation. Summary 'Remember' by Joy Harjo is a beautiful poem that asks the reader to remember how connected they are to humanity and the earth. Every poem is an effort at ceremony. The work of Joy Harjo (Mvskoke, Tulsa, Oklahoma) challenges every attempt at introduction. June 19, 2019. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/19/books/joy-harjo-poet-laureate.html. We have to put ourselves in the way of it, and get out of the way of ourselves. She has found a singing language for grief and meaningfully transforms the American story. Feast on this smorgasbord of poems about eating and cooking, exploring our relationships with food. Rise, walk and make a day. In this poem, Joy Harjo asks readers to pray and open their whole self to nature. During this time, she joined one of the first all-native drama and dance groups. They are floating in the water, which has come and taken what it wanted. These places had their own names long before English, Russian, or any other politically imposed trade language. Poet Laureate." She has since published nine books of poetry, two memoirs, plays, and several books for young audiences, as well as editing several poetry collections. Harjo draws on First Nation storytelling and histories, as well as feminist and social justice poetic traditions, and frequently incorporates indigenous myths, symbols, and values into her writing. Focuses alot on internal struggles. Swann, Brian, and Arnold Krupat, editors. In this lyrical meditation about the why of writing poetry, Joy Harjo reflects on significant points of illumination, experience, and questioning from her fifty . Charles E. May. In an interview with Laura Coltelli in Winged Words: American Indian Writers Speak, Harjo shared the creative process behind her poetry: I begin with the seed of an emotion, a place, and then move from there I no longer see the poem as an ending point, perhaps more the end of a journey, an often long journey that can begin years earlier, say with the blur of the memory of the sun on someones cheek, a certain smell, an ache, and will culminate years later in a poem, sifted through a point, a lake in my heart through which language must come. Joy Harjo's latest volume of poetry, How We Became Human: New and Selected Poems: 1975-2001 (2002), described by Adrienne Rich as "precise, unsentimental, [and] miraculous" (Book cover), covers the entirety of human existence from beginning to end in as little as twenty-six years, or in as little as 265 pages when including the introduction and. Everything is a living being, even time, even words. Harjos other recent books include the children and young adults book, For a Girl Becoming (2009), the prose and essay collection Soul Talk, Song Language (2011), and the poetry collection Conflict Resolution for Holy Beings (2015), which was shortlisted for the International Griffin Poetry Prize. Removing #book# Joy Harjo was appointed the United States poet laureate in June 2019, and is the first Native American poet laureate in the history of the position. The New York Times. As if in response to the evocation of the memory, it begins to rain. The last date is today's Listen to the poem read by the author at Poetry Foundation. To pray you open your whole self. Read more. In this transcendent memoir, grounded in tribal myth and ancestry, music and poetry, Joy Harjo, one of our leading Native American voices, details her journey to becoming a poet. MLA Alexander, Kerri Lee. The first Native American poet to serve in the position, Harjo is an enrolled member of the Muscogee Creek Nation. It had been years since I'd seen the watermonster, the snake who lived at the bottom of the lake. At the age of sixteen, she left home to attend the Institute of American Indian Arts in Santa Fe, New Mexico. Neary, Lynn, and Patrick Jarenwattananon. She is an internationally renowned musician, writer, and citizen of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation in Oklahoma. W. W. Norton & Company, 2015. In a strange kind of sense [writing] frees me to believe in myself, to be able to speak, to have voice, because I have to; it is my survival. Her work is often autobiographical, informed by the natural world, and above all preoccupied with survival and the limitations of language. She is a member of the Muscogee Creek Nation and author of ten volumes of poetry including An American Sunrise from WW Norton (2019) and Conflict Resolution for Holy Beings. NPR. Accessed July 10, 2019. http://joyharjo.com/about/. Harjos memoir Crazy Brave (2012) won the American Book Award and the 2013 PEN Center USA prize for creative nonfiction. She juxtaposed benevolent native female voices in an anthology, Reinventing Ourselves in the Enemy's Language: Contemporary Native Women's Writing of North America (1997). those who would climb through the hole in the sky. I am in a village up north, in the lands named Alaska now. The act of breathing establishes kinship with universal rhythms. Karen Kuehn. Using myth, old tales and autobiography, Harjo both explores and creates cultural memory through her illuminating looks into different worlds. She earned her BA from the University of New Mexico and MFA from the Iowa Writers Workshop. Are you sure you want to remove #bookConfirmation# In addition to art and creativity, Harjo also experienced many challenges as a child. After this, Harjos mother married another man that also abused the family. It has to be dealt with immediately so that the turbulence will not leave the people open to more evil.Because my friend and I are the most obvious influence, itis decided that we are to be killed, to satisfy the murder, to ensure the village will continue in a harmonious manner. . Shifting from the "lace and silk" luxuriance of New Orleans to the home-centered Creek, the poem claims that the Creek "drowned [De Soto] in / the Mississippi River." Parallel phrasing propels the lines along with the physical and spiritual invocation: "To sky, to earth, to sun, to moon / To one whole voice that is you." For in the muggy lake was the girl I could have been at sixteen, wrested from the torment of exaggerated fools, one version anyway, though the story at the surface would say car accident, or drowning while drinking, all of it eventually accidental. They all made me sadder.4.Death will gamble with anyone.There are many fools down here who believe they will win.5.You know, said my teacher, you can continue to wallow, or You can stand up here with me in the sunlight and watch the battle.6.I sat across from a girl whose illness wanted to jump over to me.No! His book, Altamar, was awarded the 2016 National Prize for Literature in the area of Poetry, Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia. Her goal is to achieve "shimmering language" that conveys an ethereal and otherworldly mood. It was beginning to rain in Oklahoma, the rain that would flood the world. Accessed July 9, 2019. https://poets.org/poet/joy-harjo. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. The stars who were created by words. Joy Harjo is a performer and writer of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation. The narrator offers a third point of view concerning the girls death. For terms and use, please refer to our Terms and Conditions Remember your birth, how your mother struggled. Im still amazed. His wanting only made him want more. They travel the earth gathering essences of plants to clean.Give back with gratitude.If you sing it will give your spirit lift to fly to the stars ears and back.Acknowledge this earth who has cared for you since you were a dream planting itself precisely within your parents desire.Let your moccasin feet take you to the encampment of theguardians who have known you before time, who will be there after time.They sit before the fire that has been there without time. "Joy Harjos work is both very old and very new. Its so hot; there is not enoughwinter.Animals are confused. Merging with the circling eagle, the speaker achieves a sacral purity and dedicates self to "kindness in all things." ' Flood ' by James Joyce contains a drawn-out metaphor about love, seen through the sublime impact of a vast and ruthless flood. The oldest woman of her tribe regards the girls behavior as a bad example to other young girls and believes that the water monster has punished her for disobeying her parents when she gave herself to a man before marriage. This is how we were born into the world:Sky fell in love with earth, wore turquoise,cantered in on a black horse.Earth dressed herself fragrantly,with regard for aesthetics of holy romance.Their love decorated the mountains with sunrise,weaved valleys delicate with the edging of sunset.This morning I look toward the eastand I am lonely for those mountainsThough Ive said good-bye to the girlwith her urgent prayers for redemption.I used to believe in a vision that would save the peoplecarry us all to the top of the mountainduring the floodof human destruction. Over a quarter-century's work from the 2003 winner of the Arrell Gibson Award for Lifetime Achievement. Gather them together. She is a chancellor of the Academy of American Poets, Board of Directors Chair of the Native Arts & Cultures Foundation, and is the first Artist-in-Residence for Tulsa's Bob Dylan Center. It belongs to Andrew Jackson. For the birds gathered at your feet. Joy Harjo. Let go the pain of your ancestors to make way for those who are heading in our direction.Ask for forgiveness.Call upon the help of those who love you. "Meet Joy Harjo, The First Native American U.S. Other tribal members believe that the girl, in a drunken fog after consuming a six-pack of beer, has accidently driven her car into the lake and drowned. Speaker Your Name Your Email Your Phone Number Tell us about your invitation: Old father, you tore off a piece of bread. My path is a cross of burning trees,Lit by crows carrying fire in their beaks.I ask the guardians of these lands for permission to enter.I am a visitor to this history.No one remembers to ask anymore, they answer.What do I expect in this New England seaport town, near the birthplace of democracy,Where I am a ghost?Even a casino cant make an Indian real.Or should I say native, or savage, or demon? Subtle touches characterize her personal torment as "her mother's daughter and her father's son." They are a part of the birth of the universe, the sun, and the moon. Another was a man who dressed up and lived as a woman and was known as the best seamstress. The poem begins with the speaker describing how the "Goldbrown" vines that were once staunchly connected to rocks have been moved away by the flood. When she graduated from this program in 1978, she began taking film classes and teaching at various universities including the Institute of American Indian Arts in Santa Fe, Arizona State University in Tempe, the University of Colorado in Boulder, the University of Arizona in Tucson, and the University of New Mexico in Albuquerque. Acknowledge this earth who has cared for you since you were. Crucial to the woman is motherhood and the impetus to lie still and cuddle a sleeping infant rather than "to get up, to get up, to get up" at the command of a harassing male, generalized as "gigantic men.". One of her most famous poetry volumes,She Had Some Horses, was first published in 1982. ", 4. Here, she says, is a living, breathing earth to which were all connected. In addition, she edits High Plains Literary Review, Contact II, and Tyuonyi. Since 2016, he works as an Assistant Professor at the University of North Carolina Asheville, in the Departments of Languages and Literatures and Indigenous Studies. Harjo is the first Native American poet to serve in the position--she is an enrolled member of the Muscogee Creek Nation--and is the author of eight books of poetry, including "Conflict Resolution for Holy Beings," "The Woman Who Fell From the Sky and "In Mad Love and War." Running Time 2 minutes 37 seconds Online Format video image online text They are also known as the Delaware. Her honoraria include fellowships from the National Endowment for the Arts and Arizona Commission on the Arts, a first place from the Santa Fe Festival for the Arts, American Indian Distinguished Achievement award, and a Josephine Miles award. In that season I looked up to a blue conception of faith a notion of the sacred in the elegant border of cedar trees becoming mountain and sky. Our Essay Lab can help you tackle any essay assignment within seconds, whether youre studying Macbeth or the American Revolution. I sing about his relationship to the walrus, and how he has fed his people. Download the entire The Flood study guide as a printable PDF! She said, I remember the teachers at school threatening to write my parents because I was not speaking in class, but I was terrified., Instead, Harjo started painting as a way to express herself. It is the oldest story in the world and it is delicate, changing.If she sees you watching she will invite you in for coffee, give you warm bread, and you will be obligated to stay and listen. Poet Laureate Joy Harjo stopped by the Academy of American Poets for a pop-up reading on June 17, 2019. The influence of the mythic tradition on the girl at first appears anomalous to the narrator. A selection of poets, poems, and articles exploring the Native American experience. Only has two poems. She performed for many years with her band, Poetic Justice, and currently tours with Arrow Dynamics. It will return in pieces, in tatters. Her early work in The Last Song (1975), What Moon Drove Me to This? Joy Harjo. National Womens History Museum. We have seen it.', and 'Remember the earth whose skin you are: red earth, black earth, yellow earth, white earth brown earth, we are earth. Harjo recalls that the very first poem she wrote was in eighth grade. MELUS is published by The Society for the Study of the Recently appointed U.S. In line 46, in view of pitiless women and others who clutch their babes like bouquets while offering aid, the speaker establishes that suffering and choice are an individual matter. The themes of continuity, momentum, and resilience fuel the remaining twenty-eight lines. ", As a well-honed tale withholds its climax, the non-linear poem, somewhat late in line 37, finds its target: Hernando De Soto, the death-dealing Spanish conquistador inflamed by the myth of El Dorado. We can all see it.I hear from my Inuit and Yupik relatives up north thateverything has changed. A progressive social reformer and activist, Jane Addams was on the frontline of the settlement house movement and was the first American woman to wina Nobel Peace Prize. Joy Harjo American Drama A Raisin in the Sun Aeschylus Amiri Baraka Antigone Arcadia Tom Stoppard August Wilson Cat on a Hot Tin Roof David Henry Hwang Dutchman Edward Albee Eugene O'Neill Euripides European Drama Fences August Wilson Goethe Faust Hedda Gabler Henrik Ibsen Jean Paul Sartre Johann Wolfgang von Goethe Lillian Hellman But then, because I am human, not bird or whale, I feel compelled.What do you mean, change the story?Then I am back in the clothes of my body outside the village. And I still say, after writing poetry for all this time, and now music, that ultimately humans have a small hand in it. 18 Jan. 2023 . Anything that will continue to matterin the next several thousand years will continue to be here. Growing up, Harjo was surrounded by artists and musicians, but she did not know any poets. Turn off that cellphone, computer, and remote control. She earned her BA from the University of New Mexico and MFA from the Iowa Writers' Workshop. In "The Flood," the sixteen-year-old girl also meets a man by the edge of a lake and allows herself to be seduced by him. This is how we will leave this world:on horses of sunrise and sunsetfrom the shadow of the mountainswho witnessed every battleevery small struggle. She has won many awards for her writing including; theRuth Lilly Prize for Lifetime Achievement from the Poetry Foundation, the Academy of American Poets Wallace Stevens Award, the New Mexico Governors Award for Excellence in the Arts, a PEN USA Literary Award, the Poets & Writers Jackson Poetry Prize, two NEA Fellowships, a Tulsa Artist Fellowship, and a Guggenheim Fellowship. At the crossroads of this brokenness, she calls us to watch and listen for the songs of justice for all those America has denied. Seven generations can live under one roof. Consistently praised for the depth and thematic concerns in her writings, Harjo has emerged as a major figure in contemporary American poetry. Remember the moon, know who she is. Harjo is the author of ten books of poetry, several plays, children's books, and two memoirs; she has also produced seven award-winning music albums and edited several . One version of the legend recounts the tale of a young girl who is seduced by the water monster, who has transformed himself into a handsome warrior. / In beauty.". "A poem opens up time, it opens up memory, it opens up place," says Harjo, U.S. This collection gathers poems from throughout Joy Harjo's twenty-eight-year career, beginning in 1973 in the age marked by the takeover at Wounded Knee and the rejuvenation of indigenous cultures in the world through poetry and music. Harjos mother was a waitress of mixed Cherokee, Irish, and French descent. With Grand Street 48 ("Oblivion"), our issues became theme-driven, providing cohesion for a dynamic collection of ideas, styles, and genres. She was named U.S. poet laureate in June 2019. 2. (. A chant for survival., Harjo, though very much a poet of America, extracts from her own personal and cultural touchstones a more galactal understanding of the world, and her poems become richer for it. Contact. From its cold season. The second is the date of Give physical, material life to the words of your spirit. The citation above will include either 2 or 3 dates. The evil of it puts the whole village at risk. The second half of the book frequently emphasizes personal relationships and change. Harjo's first volume of poetry was published in 1975 as a nine-poem chapbook titled The Last Song. Joy Harjo is a member of the Muscogee Creek Nation and the 23rd Poet Laureate of the United States. I say: I have a story I want to tell you.And then I begin drumming and dancing to accompany the story. The daughter of a mixed Cherokee, French, and Irish mother and a Creek father, Harjo was born in Tulsa, Oklahoma. MELUS As one of few women and Asian musicians in the jazz world, Akiyoshi infused Japanese culture, sounds, and instruments into her music. Steadily growing, and in languages. A healer. Of Muscogee Creek, Cherokee, French, and Irish ancestry, she was born Joy Harjo Foster on May 9, 1951, in Tulsa, Oklahoma. The American Book Award) , .. Joy Harjo is an internationally renowned poet, performer, and writer of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation and served three terms as the 23rd Poet Laureate of the United States. This area was taken care of by the Lenape people. She lives in Tulsa, Oklahoma. What I had seen there were no words for except in the sacred language of the most holy recounting, so when I ran back to the village, drenched in salt, how could I explain the water jar left empty by the river to my mother who deciphered my burning lips as shame? Joy Harjo is a trailblazing cultural icon who has undoubtedly made a lasting mark on the arts, and her works will continue to inspire people for generations to come.If you're interested in exploring career paths in the arts like Joy Harjo, you can set up an appointment with one of our Career Coaches to learn more about the paths you can take! Without training it might run away andleave your heart for the immense human feast set by the thieves of time.Do not hold regrets.When you find your way to the circle, to the fire kept burning by the keepers of your soul, you will be welcomed.You must clean yourself with cedar, sage, or other healing plant.Cut the ties you have to failure and shame.Let go the pain you are holding in your mind, your shoulders, your heart, all the way to your feet. With a beautiful introduction by bestselling author Sandra Cisneros, Weaving Sundown in a Scarlet Light Thanksgiving poems for family and friends. Remembering the Andes in Cherokee Territory. In 1990, Harjo captured violence and vengeance in "Eagle Poem," a traditional Beauty Way chant. Toshiko Akiyoshi changed the face of jazz music over her sixty-year career. It had been years since Id seen the watermonster, the snake who lived at the bottom of the lake. And though it may have appeared otherwise, I did not go willingly. He had disappeared in the age of reason, as a mystery that never happened." In reference to this poem, Harjo explains that 172 "In one of the 50 vignettes that make up "Catching the Light," Joy Harjo tells of receiving an image via Facebook Messenger from an old friend in Lukachukai, a mountainous area of the Navajo Nation in Arizona." Its a story so compelling you may never want to leave; this is how shetraps you. Dapples my floor the eastern sun, my house faces north, I have nothing to say except that it dapples my floor. The author of nine books of poetry, including the highly acclaimed An American Sunrise, several plays and children's books, and two memoirs, Crazy Brave and Poet Warrior, her many honors include the Ruth Lily Prize for Lifetime Achievement from the Poetry Foundation, the Academy of American Poets Wallace Stevens Award, two NEA fellowships, and a Guggenheim Fellowship. It dances and sings and breathes. Keep room for those who have no place else to go.Make a giveaway, and remember, keep the speeches short.Then, you must do this: help the next person find their way through the dark. She maintains that the impact of the tribal oral tradition had such a strong influence on the girls imagination that her perception of reality could not be contained within the limits of day-to-day experience. She is working on a story. It has served me well for protection and enjoyment.I hearI still hearthe crunch of bones as the village mob, sent to do this job, slams us violently. As a musician and performer, Harjo has produced seven award-winning music albums including her newest, I Pray for My Enemies. We forgot our stories. I was taken with a fever and nothing cured it until I dreamed my fiery body dipped in the river where it fed into the lake.