haylage weight per cubic foot

Please use the following information as a guide. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. This means that the actual forage density for all species ranged from 4.2 lbs DM/ft to 5.8 lbs DM/ft. 185 0 obj << /Linearized 1 /O 188 /H [ 1610 727 ] /L 239078 /E 44700 /N 24 /T 235259 >> endobj xref 185 49 0000000016 00000 n Some farms grind the forage up like silage then put it in a silo or silage bag. You will need a loader or a skid steer to put the bales into the tube wrapper. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Tons of wet silage or haylage = tons of dry matter / (1 - % moisture), Tons = length x width x height (all in feet) x density / 2,000 It is listed in pounds per cubic foot or kilograms per cubic meter. 0000001349 00000 n Haylage is forage that is cut, baled moist and wrapped in plastic to ferment. In addition, this example will assume an average forage density of 5.0 lbs DM/ft and a forage dry matter of 40%. Missing the weight of a bale by 10 percent amounts to some pretty significant dollars if multiple tons are being purchased. Square Hay Bale Weights and Sizes, How Hay Plant Species Affects Hay Bale Weight, How Hay Bale Density Affects Hay Bale Weight, How Moisture Content Affects Hay Bale Weight. 0000041051 00000 n Its fairly intuitive that size of the bale will impact bale weight, but what may be overlooked is the degree of change that occurs when a bale is only 1 foot wider or 1 foot more in diameter. The bale had 20% moisture content. 0000002337 00000 n 0000021954 00000 n (20 lbs / 100 lbs) = 20%. High density small square bales are now being produced to reduce storage and shipping costs. Hay bale density is determined by how much the baler compresses the hay. To find the average dry weight per board foot, divide the pounds per cubic foot by 12. Forage Species Density = 5.90 + (0.1 x depth of haylage) (in feet) = tons of dry matter per cubic foot for haylage (density increases with the depth of the haylage) Some farms make haylage like silage-chop it up and put it in a silo. Particle Briefings from READE: Weight Per Cubic Foot And Specific Gravity (Typical) of metals, minerals, ceramics, and organics. 0000010957 00000 n But Table 2 (pages 4-5) gives the volume of round stacks when the circumference is between 45 and 98 feet and the If you need to convert to cubic feet from meters/metres: multiply your final number by 35.31. We use a mower conditioner, commonly called a haybine, that cuts the grass then smashes the stems in a set of rollers so the forage will dry faster. 50 (ft) x 30 (ft) x 12 (ft) = 18,000 cubic feet 18,000 cubic feet x 40 lb/cubic feet = 720,000 lb silage Density = 10 to 14 pounds per cubic foot for hay Hay bale density is determined by how much the baler compresses the hay. Square hay bales come in two size groups, small and large. Please check Cooking Ingredience Conversion and Weight to Volume Conversion. Weight = 6.15 pounds per gallon for gasoline. Use Table 5 to adjust for other moisture levels. Now the haylage has to cure, meaning ferment for a while to turn into haylage. Brian Holmes, Professor Emeritus, UW-Madison Moisture content can affect bale weight by as much as 25 percent. For the eastern half of the U.S., harvesting high quality hay is a challenge. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Short version: Pounds = 0.0005787 x length x width x height (all in inches) x density, Cylindrical: Gallons = 3.1416 x diameter x diameter x length (all in feet) x 7.5 gallons per cubic foot So for every 2,000 lbs (ton) of freshly baled hay you buy youre losing 200 lbs when compared to moisture stabilized hay. You are looking for somewhere in the really wilted range. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. What exactly is haylage and will it work for you, your farm and your livestock? 0000001610 00000 n All Lambs are supposed to be born in the spring, right? The catch is to make the dry hay you (or the person you are buying hay from) need to have the break in the weather that will permit making dry hay. Table 1 shows the average silage density of each forage species. With todays high-producing animals, we know kernels must be processed into smaller particles for dairy, Shrink is a Deceptive Term 0000012591 00000 n This would give you an estimated weight of 80 pounds for the piece of wood. Forage species also affects bale weight. As with most things, each choice is a package deal. The first tractor is on the baler and the second is either running the wrapper or tipping the bales up onto the flat side to sit. Questions? Measurements should be taken on each chopper box to determine the width and length. Why move them so far, anyway? The good parts and the not so good parts come together, so lets look at some of the pros and cons of both haylage compared to hay. why not hay. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Let's look into it. I truly enjoy sharing our experiences (Im the writer) and helping folks get started raising animals on their own farm or in the backyard. These bales are super heavy and do not roll, so a loader of some sort is required to get the haylage to your animals when you want to feed it. In this example the actual wet basis density of the silage is 14 lb per cu-ft / 0.35 = 40 lb /cu-ft. It frequently is used to refer to the loss of feed during harvest, handling, and storage. Then we would do the baling in the afternoon of the third day. The technical storage or access is required to create user profiles to send advertising, or to track the user on a website or across several websites for similar marketing purposes. 0000028236 00000 n x We have those too. Density = 5.4 + (0.28 x depth of haylage) (in feet) = tons of dry matter per cubic foot for haylage (density increases with the depth of the haylage) For clarity's sake, let's go through a quick example. Round bales are usually handled with a tractor mounted front loader having a special spike attachment. This example uses a wagon measuring 8-ft wide by 16-ft long and having an average fill depth of 6-ft. link to How Do You Know If A Sheep Is Sick? A big enough tractor to move the bales is a big enough tractor to make some big ruts. Density = 0.8 bushels per cubic foot for corn or soybeans It needs to dry out more. Since the weight of concrete per cubic foot is 150 lbs, the weight of 8 cubic feet of concrete will be 8150 = 1200 lbs (pounds). How A Square Hay Baler Works - With Animation, Tractor Operator Making Large Round Bales - Cab View Video, Copyright Hayforks.com -- Think about it like sauerkraut compared to shredded cabbage. We all know that the sooner you notice a health problem in your stock, the sooner you can start treatment and get her back into top shape. You have a hay bale that weighs 100 lb. Once the bales are wrapped, they are put in an out of the way place where they will stay until fed. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. For round bins you may use the top line in Table and multiply by height in feet. We also make Oatlage, which is a type of haylage made out of, you guessed it-oats. Baleage vs. Haylage by Brad Schick, Nebraska Extension Educator explains more of the differences in terminology if youd like to dig a little deeper. byKevin J. Shinners and Brian J. Holmes This is called custom work and needs to be planned ahead of time. Given the number of variables that determine the actual bale weight, buying and selling large round bales based on a weight guess is likely going to result in a transaction that is either above or below market value. Short distance transport is done with special wagons and trailers. Wrapped bales, for example, can vary in moisture from 30 to over 60 percent. The first part of the formula is the specific gravity of the wood. Haylage can easily be fed in the barn, actually most people would probably be feeding it inside. Round hay bales are usually quite large and weigh from 600 to 1,600 lbs (272 kg to 544 kg). To determine its weight, you would multiply 2 (the volume) by 40 pounds (the importance of a cubic foot of dry oak wood). . Thanks for stopping by! Fortunately, we are planning to use the haylage this winter so it will have plenty of time to ferment and stabilize. Finally, there are many models of balers of differing ages. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. 518 Farm House Lane The list of factors that can influence the weight of a large round bale include: Forage maturity (percent leaves and stems). Density - pounds of grain, forage or liquid contained in one cubic foot of storage space, Bushels = Pi x diameter x diameter x average depth of grain (all in feet) x density, or Disadvantages of silage . In short, haylage is not always in bale form, baleage is always in bale form. The forage used for haylage is cut the same as it would be for will for dry hay, the difference is in the timing of baleing. If loads are always filled to a uniform height in the forage box, an average height measurement can be used. Bushels = 0.628 x diameter x diameter x average depth of grain (all in feet) for shelled corn or soybeans These large bales have replaced their smaller counterparts on many farms and hay growing operations., How Plant Species Affects Hay Bale Weight. 115 lb/ft. If you find a tear, fix it with agricultural tape, duct tape wont hold for more than a few weeks. 0000006056 00000 n For a broken concrete, the weight of 8 cubic feet will be 875 = 600 pounds. It can be any bale size or shape, the most common shape around here being round baled. As with all estimation methods, there is a small amount of error inherent in this calculation method. That is also called haylage since there is no grain in it and it is made from a hay type forage. In a 5-foot by 5-foot bale, the difference between 10 and 11 pounds of dry matter per square foot amounts to over 100 pounds per bale at both the 10 and 15 percent moisture levels. You know, from the information above, a cubic foot of concrete weighs 150 pounds. Most small square bales can be handled manually. I like dry hay and actually prefer feeding dry hay to some of our animals. 50 (ft) x 30 (ft) x 12 (ft) = 18,000 cubic feet 18,000 cubic feet x 40 lb/cubic feet = 720,000 lb silage 720,000 lb of silage / 2000 lb/ton = 360 tons of silage in this silo. 0000012794 00000 n Hay is produced from many different plant species. This variation, coupled with operator experience, lends further variability into the bale density and weight discussion. Volume of hay in round stacks The rules or formulas used for oblong stacks do not apply to round stacks. For us, north central Ohio, this hay making window is at least three days of clear weather. Wed love to hear from you if you have any questions! Welcome to the amazing world of wild creatures. 8 Table 5 - Volume Adjustments for Wet Corn Bushels/Cubic Feet Moisture Content Shelled Corn X Ground Ear Corn X 15.5 .800 .515 16 .794 .510 17 .787 .508 Grass forages were less dense and averaged 4.6 lbs DM/ft. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Ames, IA 50011-1054. See what youve got at 6 weeks. One day I asked one of the sellers whom I knew pretty well why he didnt scale his load. As long as the wrap is not damaged the haylage inside will be stable. Bushels = ( circumference / Pi) x ( circumference / Pi) x average depth of grain (all in feet) x Pi x density Short versions: The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". It is important to determine the fill height for each load so that the correct volume is computed. Typical hay bale density is 9 to 12 lbs per cubic foot. We (my husband and I) are life long animal lovers and full time livestock farmers in Ohio. 0000023911 00000 n Haylage is baled at 40-60% moisture, it is essentially a wet bale of wilted forage. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Most small square bales can be handled manually. High density small square bales are now being produced to reduce storage and shipping costs. Alfalfa bales are about 15% heavier than the same size bale of timothy. Round bales, also called rolls of hay, started showing up in fields about 40 years ago. One day to cut and two days to dry (at a minimum). Time of purchase impacts bale weight in two ways. 0000043684 00000 n Haylage Mistakes and how you can avoid them gives the most common mistakes farmers make when making or handling haylage and what to do to prevent or fix those problems. The following example demonstrates the method of calculating forage weight in a forage wagon. Since we were running really late on time ours were tube wrapped, just because it is faster than wrapping individually. So why do you see some sheep with Hey there, Im Kathy! Then we went out and moved the bales out of the field close to where we wanted them to be put once they were wrapped. 0000017785 00000 n How good are these estimates? This is a big advantage for shipping and storage. Crib capacities in bushels for ear corn per foot of length: Width Height in Feet In feet 8' 10' 12' 14' 16' The first is called dead weight; that is the actual weight of the item to be shipped in its completely boxed and ready-to-ship form.. 0000044442 00000 n Conversion Chart This is a conversion page for density units. Three wire bales are denser, a bit bigger and weigh about twice as much as two string bales. DM per cubic foot Silage Storage Safely minimize shrink and preserve quality in storing silage. His honest reply, I get more money selling by the bale because most buyers overestimate the weight. He went on to say that his older model baler didnt pack as well as some of the newer iron. Estimating the Weight of Forage in a Forage Wagon. The pounds of silage in the silo is calculated by multiplying: Length (ft) x width (ft) x depth (ft) x density (lb/cu-ft) at the final moisture content. 0000011599 00000 n If something went wrong in the fermentation process, like the plastic was torn and introduced air, then the haylage will be unsuitable as feed. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Density = 0.628 bushels per cubic foot for ear corn They come in two basic shapes, round and square. Are you looking for volume to weight conversion like milligrams to milliliters, kilograms to liters, or grams to milliliters? Once the forage is cut, you watch to see how it is drying down. The average dry weight of each species is calculated at 8% moisture content. Haylage also requires plastic to wrap the bales. Making haylage starts out like making any other normal hay, you cut the forage with a mower to get the long stems to start to dry. You need the stems of the grasses to stay long! Connect with your County Extension Office , Find an Extension employee in our staff directory , Get the latest news and updates on Extension's work around the state, Feedback, questions or accessibility issues: info@extension.wisc.edu | 2023 The Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System Privacy Policy | Non-Discrimination Policy | Discrimination and Harassment Complaints | Disability Accommodation Requests | Civil Rights. They both started out the same but the results are significantly different as far as taste, thanks to the fermentation process. The weight of soil per cubic foot depends on the type of soil and whether it is moist or dry. We put the bale in the end of the barn with the tractor, then cut the plastic and remove the netting while inside. Ready to bale fields of hay sitting soaking wet for weeks (last year, and the year before) was a normal sight in our area. Haylage is normally stored outside in rows or stacks, no barn is needed. Since haylage is made sooner than hay, more of the nutrients that were in the plants when you mowed them remain in the haylage. This way the lambs can spend the summer outside with their moms, eating grass and enjoying the sunshine. pounds of dry forage per cubic foot (lbs DM/ft 3). The weight changes, however, when the temperature does. Haylage is baled at 40-60% moisture, it is essentially a wet bale of wilted forage. It does not store any personal data. 0000006605 00000 n Haylage is a great alternative to dry hay for both large and small livestock farmers. Many people use the words haylage and baleage interchangeably. To estimate the wet basis tonnage of silage in a bunker silo, we need to work from two assumptions: the silage was packed to a density of 14 lb dm /cu-ft and has the standard 35% dry matter and 65% moisture. 260 Heady Hall 0000017247 00000 n This is because legumes such as alfalfa will make a denser bale than a grass species. Density = 4 to 5 pounds per cubic foot for straw, Pounds = 3.1416 x ( diameter / 12) x ( diameter / 12) x (width / 12) (all in inches) x density This is one of those good idea, bad result things. Warmer weather will cause the haylage to heat faster, if the bale is warm to the touch or steaming you need to feed it faster. Copyright 1995-document.write(new Date().getFullYear()) A 4 ft wide x 5 ft high round legume hay bale may weigh 1,000 lbs. We truly appreciated their work, and they were fast and did a super job! Sixty to 65 percent dry matter, with 35 to 40 percent moisture (for the harvested material), is best. You put it in a drying oven to remove all the moisture. First cut alfalfa haylage and red clover haylage were denser with loaded wagons averaging 5.6 lbs DM/ft. In addition, forage samples were taken from each load to measure moisture content. As has been well documented by research, storage losses can range from below 5 percent to over 50 percent, depending on storage method. I truly enjoy sharing our experiences (Im the writer) and helping folks get started raising animals on their own farm or in the backyard. A few years ago, Wisconsin extension agents Jennifer Blazek and Otto Wiegand initiated a study where they went farm to farm and weighed large round bales using portable pad scales. 0000003418 00000 n The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes. Next step is the wrapping, in either a tube, all wrapped together like a big sausage, or individually wrapped, so the bales look like marshmallows. Density = 9 to11 pounds per cubic foot for corn stover The plastic wrapping of the bales keeps out all the weather, freeing up barn space. Bale density is measured in pounds per cubic foot. Privacy Policy. The technical storage or access is strictly necessary for the legitimate purpose of enabling the use of a specific service explicitly requested by the subscriber or user, or for the sole purpose of carrying out the transmission of a communication over an electronic communications network. Additionally, there is also a natural tendency for dry matter loss during storage that the buyer will incur if bales are purchased immediately after baling. Feed costs account for 60% of a beef cow . They are popular with horse owners, small animal breeders, landscapers, and anywhere that manual handling is required or where only smaller quantities of hay are needed. Some parts of this site work best with JavaScript enabled. Any leftover bale is taken back out of the field. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. We count on any hay or haylage we harvest to make a big dent in the amount of purchased forage we need for the winter. Haylage does require more mechanized handling to make and feed and is heavier per bale than hay. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin.
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